Dairy Herd Improvement

Milk and milk fat production have both been improved by crossing good Holstein or Red Dane bulls with Guernsey cows ( 1). The mature equivalent production ( M. E. ) for 365 days, 3 times milking of Holstein-Guernsey crosses is reported at 17,186 pounds of milk and 805 pounds of fat compared with their dams average of 10,897 pounds of milk and 555 pounds of fat. The Dane- Guernsey crosses averaged 18.149 pounds of milk and 803 pounds of fat as against their clams average of l].] 63 pounds of milk and 546 pounds of fat

Special Report, No. 6

In cooperation with the Matanuska Valley Dairy Breeder's AssociationThe Matanuska Valley dairy industry continues to be plagued with the problem of having more milk than can be distributed in early summer, while fall production does not supply the demand. Fluctuations between heavy summer production and low production during September, October and November are difficult to control. Cows calving normally in the spring drop off so fast beginning in late August that they are ruined for fall and winter production. For this reason, the Experiment Station has advocated breeding heifers so they will calve in late July, August and September. This means they must conceive from early October through December. Breeding should begin about October 1. It is almost impossible to change the calving dates of a herd except by starting replacements at the right time

A Neoselachian shark from the non-marine Wessex Formation (Wealden Group: early Cretaceous, Barremian) of the Isle of Wight, southern England

Bulk screening of Early Cretaceous (Barremian) Wessex Formation strata exposed on the south-east coast of the Isle of Wight, southern England, has resulted in the recovery of neoselachian shark teeth referred to the scyliorhinid Palaeoscyllium. These are the first neoselachian remains from the British Wealden Group and represent the geologically oldest neoselachian yet recovered from a freshwater deposit. This is also the only known example of a non-marine occurrence of a member of the Scyliorhinidae

Getting a start in dairying in Alaska

Dairying in Alaska probably will always be confined to areas where milk can reach city markets readily. The demand £or fresh milk, even at present prices, exceeds the supply. Probably the dairy farmer always will be able to produce milk in competition with fluid mlik shipped in from the States if he is a good manager and has high producing cows. A farmer with low producing cows can show a profit at present prices, but if the price of milk dropped two dollars or more per hundred, he would have a tough time making both ends meet. It is doubtful if other dairy products can be produced in Alaska to compete with stateside prices

Circular 12

Ih Alaska— Oats-and-peas make better silage than hay / Silage and silos pay / Field-choppers cut labor costs / Smooth bromegrass is an excellent forage / Alsike clover and Hubam sweetclover / make good annuals / Better forage means bigger profitsIn cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Administratio

Circular 17

Raise Your Calf Right— Feed your freshening cow / Take care of your freshening cow / Give ihe Calf a good place to live / Teach the calf to drink right away / Start your calf on grain early / Feed your calf roughage within 2 weeks. / Remember water and salt / Keep your heifers growing / -- Raise Your Calf Economically— Compare these rations: Whole milk, Skim milk, Skim milk powder, Gruel, Milk-Flo, Calf Manna, Calf meal / Follow recommended feeding programUnited States Department of Agriculture in cooperation with the Agricultural Research Administratio

Distribution and Feeding Ecology of Bathylagus euryops (Teleostei: Microstomatidae) along the Northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge from Iceland to the Azores

The northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge, from Iceland to the Azores (MAR), ranges in depth from 800 – 4500 m and extends over an area of 3.7 million km2. Recent evidence from MAR-ECO, a Census of Marine Life field project, reported increased abundance and biomass of deep-pelagic fishes below 1000 m on the MAR. Among the fishes sampled, Bathylagus euryops was found to be the biomass-dominant species and ranked third in total abundance. In this thesis, we characterize the distribution and feeding ecology of B. euryops as a function of physical, biological, and life history parameters along a mid-ocean ridge system. Multiple biologically plausible general linear models were fitted to B. euryops catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) data to investigate the role of various combinations of explanatory variables on the distribution of this species. Results indicated that a model containing categorical depth and geographic location variables provided the most parsimonious description of B. euryops CPUE data. Vertical migration analyses were also conducted to investigate the vertical distribution of B. euryops along the MAR and results indicated that time of day had little influence, whereas ontogeny likely influenced the vertical distribution of B. euryops. To describe the feeding ecology of B. euryops, a general diet composition was determined. Multivariate analyses, including a cluster analysis and a canonical correspondence analysis, were utilized to investigate factors that cause variability within the diet of B. euryops. Results revealed that fish size and geographic location significantly influenced the diet of B. euryops. Furthermore, daily rations were estimated to better understand the role of B. euryops in the food webs of the North Atlantic and results were consistently estimated to be less than 1% of the average wet weight along the MAR. The general trend observed was a southward increase in daily ration estimates along the MAR

Addition of a chain-cell search method and a Van der Waals force model to a particle dynamics code

This project studies the implementation of a computational time saving technique and adds an additional force model into a discrete element method simulation code. Both aspects of the project are focused on increasing the versatility of an existing particle dynamics code by increasing the execution speed and available force models for simulation. The first portion of the project consisted of adding a function to the collision detection mechanism to hash the particles into a spatial grid. This hashing function allows a search for near neighbor particles to be restricted to the space immediately adjacent to the particle of interest, thereby allowing for significant reductions in the amount of time needed to locate near neighbors. It has been found that the time needed to update the list is reduced to a function of N1.2, from a function of N2, where N is the number of particles in the simulation. The second portion of the project involves the addition of a Van der Waals force model to the simulation code. This force becomes significant when considering small particles, and in some cases it will be even stronger than the gravitational force. The Van der Waals force is found by integrating the contribution from each molecule in a particle to the Van der Waals potential function over the whole particle, thereby obtaining equations that enable the force to be found by treating the particles as a continuum

Biologie de reproduction chez Thaumatococcus Daniellii (benn.) Benth. et hook. (marantaceae) en Côte D’ivoire

Le processus de reproduction de Thaumatococcus daniellii a été étudié en vue d'une domestication à but économique. Ainsi, l'identification des animaux contribuant à la pollinisation a été réalisée à partir d'observations effectuées dans un dispositif expérimental réglementant l'accès différentiel des animaux aux parcelles. Une pollinisation manuelle suivie de l'analyse des fruits, par rapport à la teneur engraines, ont été effectuées. Les résultats ont révélé l'intervention d'agents extérieurs dans le processus de pollinisation, impliquant un phénomène d'allogamie chez cette plante. Ces agents extérieurs qui agissent en synergie sont Nectarinia olivacea (oiseau) et Aphis sp. (puceron). La prépondérance des fruits contenant une graine,l'échec élevé de l'autopollinisation et la prédominance d'une l'allopollinisation traduisent une incompatibilité génétique dans la régulation de la pollinisation des fleurs chez cette plante